Entre o não-positivismo e o positivismo jurídico
Notas sobre o conceito de direito em Robert Alexy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30899/dfj.v5i14.390Palavras-chave:
Positivismo Jurídico, Não-positivismo, Injustiça ExtremaResumo
Esse texto procura discutir a contribuição que Robert Alexy deu ao corrente debate sobre o tema das possíveis relações entre Direito e Moral. Esse propósito se justifica por ser a contribuição de Alexy uma das mais importantes disponíveis na discussão contemporânea. Para tanto, o texto segue dividido em duas partes centrais. No item 2, procedo a uma reconstrução das principais teses e argumentos que Alexy desenvolveu em seus mais recentes escritos sobre o conceito de Direito. No item 3, discuto as objeções que Joseph Raz e Eugenio Bulygin recentemente formularam aos argumentos de Alexy. Com base nessa discussão, busco mostrar que, ao contrário do que muitos possam pensar, há mais pontos de convergência que de divergência entre o positivismo jurídico e o não-positivismo.
Referências
ALCHOURRÓN, Carlos; e BULYGIN, Eugenio. Introducción a la metodología de las ciencias jurídicas y sociales. Buenos Aires: Astrea, 1974.
ALEXY, Robert. An answer to Joseph Raz. Em Law, Rights and Discourse: the legal philosophy of Robert Alexy. George Pavlakos (ed.). Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2007a: pp. 37-55.
______. On Two Juxtapositions: Concept and Nature, Law and Philosophy. Some Comments on Joseph Raz’s “Can There Be a Theory of Law?”. Em Ratio Juris 20, 2007: pp. 162-9.
______. On the Concept and the Nature of Law. Lecture in Honour of Leon Petrazycki. Em Ius et Lex. Varsóvia: Fundacja “Ius et Lex”, 2006a: pp. 31-51.
______. The Nature of Legal Philosophy. Em Ratio Juris 17, 2006: pp. 156-67.
______. The Argument from Injustice. A Reply to Legal Positivism. Stanley Paulson e Bonnie L. Paulson (trads.) Oxford: Clarendon, 2004.
______. On the Thesis of a Necessary Connection between Law and Morality: Bulygin’s Critique. Em Ratio Juris 13, 2000: pp. 138-147.
______. The Special Case Thesis. Em Ratio Juris 12, 1999: pp. 374-84.
______. Bulygins Kritik des Richtigkeitsarguments. Em E. Garzón Valdés et al. (eds.), Normative Systems in Legal and Moral Theory. Festschrift for Carlos E. Alchourrón and Eugenio Bulygin. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1997: pp. 235-250.
______. Theorie der Grundrechte. Baden-Baden: Suhrkamp, 1985.
______. Theorie der Juristische Argumentation. Baden-Baden: Suhrkamp, 1978.
BULYGIN, Eugenio. Alexy between Positivism and Non-positivism (manuscrito inédito cedido pelo autor).
______. Alexy’s Thesis of the Necessary Connection between Law and Morality. Em Ratio Juris 13, 2000: pp. 133-137.
______. Alexy und das Richtigkeitsargument. Em Aulis Aarnio et al.(eds.), Rechtsnorm und Rechtswirklichkeit. Festschrift für Werner Krawietz zum 60. Geburtstag. Duncker
& Humblot, Berlin 1993: pp. 19-24.
FINNIS, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980.
HABERMAS, Jürgen. Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. New Bakersville: MIT Press, 1999.
HART, Herbert L.A. O Conceito de Direito. Ribeiro Mendes (trad.). Lisboa: Fundação Gulbenkian, 1994.
______. Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals. Em Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon, 1983: pp. 47-87.
KELSEN, Hans. Teoria Pura do Direito. João B. Machado (trad.) São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2003.
MACCORMICK, Neil. Institutions of Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
______. HLA Hart, 2. ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008.
MARMOR, Andrei. Positive Law and Objective Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
PAVLAKOS, George (ed.). Law, Rights and Discourse. The Legal Philosophy of Robert Alexy. Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing, 2007.
______. On the Necessity of the Interconnection between Law and Morality. Em Ratio Juris 18, 2005: pp. 64-83.
RADBRUCH, Gustav. Rechtsphilosophie III. Arthur Kaufmann (ed.), Heidelberg, 1990.
RAZ, Joseph. The Argument from Justice, or How Not to Reply to Legal Positivism. Em The Authority of Law, 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009: pp. 313-35.
______. Authority, Law and Morality. Em Ethics in the Public Domain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996: pp. 210-37.
SEARLE, John. Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.
SPAAK, Torben. Meta-Ethics and Legal Theory: The Case of Gustav Radbruch. Disponível em: http://ssrn.com/abstract=923440, 2006.
______. Legal Positivism, Law’s Normativity and the Normative Force of Legal Justification. Em Ratio Juris 16, 2003: pp. 469-85.
TORRE, Massimo La. On Two Distinct and Opposing Versions of Natural Law: “Exclusive” versus “Inclusive”. Ratio Juris 19, 2006: pp. 197-216.
ALEXY, Robert. An answer to Joseph Raz. Em Law, Rights and Discourse: the legal philosophy of Robert Alexy. George Pavlakos (ed.). Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2007a: pp. 37-55.
______. On Two Juxtapositions: Concept and Nature, Law and Philosophy. Some Comments on Joseph Raz’s “Can There Be a Theory of Law?”. Em Ratio Juris 20, 2007: pp. 162-9.
______. On the Concept and the Nature of Law. Lecture in Honour of Leon Petrazycki. Em Ius et Lex. Varsóvia: Fundacja “Ius et Lex”, 2006a: pp. 31-51.
______. The Nature of Legal Philosophy. Em Ratio Juris 17, 2006: pp. 156-67.
______. The Argument from Injustice. A Reply to Legal Positivism. Stanley Paulson e Bonnie L. Paulson (trads.) Oxford: Clarendon, 2004.
______. On the Thesis of a Necessary Connection between Law and Morality: Bulygin’s Critique. Em Ratio Juris 13, 2000: pp. 138-147.
______. The Special Case Thesis. Em Ratio Juris 12, 1999: pp. 374-84.
______. Bulygins Kritik des Richtigkeitsarguments. Em E. Garzón Valdés et al. (eds.), Normative Systems in Legal and Moral Theory. Festschrift for Carlos E. Alchourrón and Eugenio Bulygin. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1997: pp. 235-250.
______. Theorie der Grundrechte. Baden-Baden: Suhrkamp, 1985.
______. Theorie der Juristische Argumentation. Baden-Baden: Suhrkamp, 1978.
BULYGIN, Eugenio. Alexy between Positivism and Non-positivism (manuscrito inédito cedido pelo autor).
______. Alexy’s Thesis of the Necessary Connection between Law and Morality. Em Ratio Juris 13, 2000: pp. 133-137.
______. Alexy und das Richtigkeitsargument. Em Aulis Aarnio et al.(eds.), Rechtsnorm und Rechtswirklichkeit. Festschrift für Werner Krawietz zum 60. Geburtstag. Duncker
& Humblot, Berlin 1993: pp. 19-24.
FINNIS, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980.
HABERMAS, Jürgen. Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. New Bakersville: MIT Press, 1999.
HART, Herbert L.A. O Conceito de Direito. Ribeiro Mendes (trad.). Lisboa: Fundação Gulbenkian, 1994.
______. Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals. Em Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon, 1983: pp. 47-87.
KELSEN, Hans. Teoria Pura do Direito. João B. Machado (trad.) São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2003.
MACCORMICK, Neil. Institutions of Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
______. HLA Hart, 2. ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008.
MARMOR, Andrei. Positive Law and Objective Values. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
PAVLAKOS, George (ed.). Law, Rights and Discourse. The Legal Philosophy of Robert Alexy. Oxford and Portland: Hart Publishing, 2007.
______. On the Necessity of the Interconnection between Law and Morality. Em Ratio Juris 18, 2005: pp. 64-83.
RADBRUCH, Gustav. Rechtsphilosophie III. Arthur Kaufmann (ed.), Heidelberg, 1990.
RAZ, Joseph. The Argument from Justice, or How Not to Reply to Legal Positivism. Em The Authority of Law, 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009: pp. 313-35.
______. Authority, Law and Morality. Em Ethics in the Public Domain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996: pp. 210-37.
SEARLE, John. Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.
SPAAK, Torben. Meta-Ethics and Legal Theory: The Case of Gustav Radbruch. Disponível em: http://ssrn.com/abstract=923440, 2006.
______. Legal Positivism, Law’s Normativity and the Normative Force of Legal Justification. Em Ratio Juris 16, 2003: pp. 469-85.
TORRE, Massimo La. On Two Distinct and Opposing Versions of Natural Law: “Exclusive” versus “Inclusive”. Ratio Juris 19, 2006: pp. 197-216.
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Publicado
2011-03-30
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de Sousa, F. O. (2011). Entre o não-positivismo e o positivismo jurídico: Notas sobre o conceito de direito em Robert Alexy. Revista Brasileira De Direitos Fundamentais & Justiça, 5(14), 297–324. https://doi.org/10.30899/dfj.v5i14.390
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